Anna Bederke was born in Hamburg in 1981. She studied film direction at the Hochschule für bildende Kunst (HfbK) in Hamburg, where Wim Wenders and Fatih Akin were among her teachers. The latter eventually brought Bederke to acting: Akin cast her in the memorable role of a boozing waitress in his comedy "Soul Kitchen". Following her turn as the love interest of police detective Cenk Batu (Mehmet Kurtuluş) in two entries of the "Tatort" series, she appeared as the wife of an ambitious music producer in the mockumentary "Fraktus" (2012). Bederke next starred two times opposite Matthias Schweighöfer, playing his wife in "Schlussmacher" ("Break Up Man", 2012) and his girlfriend in "Frau Ella" (2013).

After guest-starring in several TV productions, she was one of the leads in the comedy "Schrotten!" ("Scrappin'"), played the mother of the title character in the cyber-mobbing drama "LenaLove" (2015) and joined the ensemble of the science fiction "Volt" (DE/FR 2016).

In 2017, Anna Bederke appeared in a supporting role in the comedy "Monsieur Pierre geht online" (DE/FR/BE 2017) and was the female lead in Sönke Wortmann's "Sommerfest" (2017).