Jean-Luc Bubert was born in 1979 in Lüdenscheid to a Belgian mother and a German father. After graduating from school, he initially trained as a hairdresser. From 2001 to 2002 he attended the Zurich University of the Arts, but then moved to the Folkwang University of the Arts in Bochum, where he completed his acting studies in 2005. 

In the 2005/06 season he appeared on stage at the Schauspielhaus Bochum in the Shakespeare comedy "Ein Sommernachtstraum" ("A Midsummer Night's Dream") as Theseus and as Oberon. For this achievement he was awarded the Folkwang Prize in the performing arts category in 2005. From 2006 to 2008 Bubert had an engagement at the Schauspielhaus Düsseldorf. During this time, he also made his debut as a film actor, with a leading role in Florian Mischa Böder's political comedy "Nichts geht mehr" (2007), about two brothers who make a prank, which the police take for an act of terror. However, this was Buber's only film role for the next few years, while he continued to be a stage actor. 

From the 2008/09 season to the end of the 2016/17 season, he was a permanent member of the ensemble at Munich's Volkstheater. There he took part in numerous plays of the classical and modern stage repertoire. His roles included Mephisto in "Faust I" (2008), King Claudius in "Hamlet" (2009), McMurphy in "One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest" (2011), the Magic King in "Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald" (2013) and Kasimir in "Kasimir und Karoline" (2015-16). 

It wasn’t before 2012 that Bubert appeared on TV and on the big screen again, mostly in smaller roles. In the social drama "Zappelphilipp" (2012) he played a supporting role as a pub acquaintance of a main character, in "LenaLove" (2015) he starred as an investigator and in the Munich "Polizeiruf 110" episode "Sumpfgebiete" (2016), he impersonated a marijuana gardener. In Sönke Wortmann's comedy "Sommerfest" ("A Summer Affair" 2017) he had a short appearance as a broker. Buber took on guest roles in a number of TV series, such as "Notruf Hafenkante" (2015), "SOKO München" (2017) and "Hubert und Staller" (2018). 

Under the direction of Jan Bonny, Bubert appeared in two episodes of the web series "The Horror" (2018). Bonny then cast him in a leading role in the dark drama "Wintermärchen" ("Germany. A Winters Tale" 2018), based on the German NSU (National Socialist Underground) cases, about a xenophobic trio that brutally murders migrants and foreigners.

After a supporting role as a stepfather in the youth drama "Der Schrei" (2018), Hubert worked again with Jan Bonny on the revenge drama "Endlich Leben" (2018, TV).